People
- A.F. Von de Wall
- Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje
- Nya’ Ahmat
- Teungku Lam Paloh
- Teungku Malem
- Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje — publication of volume II of his Snouck Hurgronje’s De Atjehers ([[1893-94)|De Atjehers]] in 1894, completing the two-volume foundational ethnography of the Atjehnese.
Places
Events
Other
Account from Oom Ambon van het K.N.I.L. (1954) — 1894
1894 was the year in which Dominee Thenu came to Aceh as the Inlands Godsdienstleraar attached to the garrison of Koeta-Radja, at the age of twenty-six. He would hold the post for forty full years, until his retirement in 1934. “He took it up in 1894, when he had just turned twenty-six. He was to hold it for forty full years.” The mood of the troops in Aceh in 1894 was somber; Thenu “voelde aan dat de troep afleiding nodig had en bracht de mensen het soldatenlied” — and in doing so composed the opening couplets of the Marechausseelied. The year 1894 also saw the Dutch Lombok expedition ([[1894)|Lombok expedition]] against the Rija of Lombok. It is the book’s marker of the beginning of the Thenu era in Aceh.
Source: Oom Ambon van het K.N.I.L., by G. W. T. Dames, Maj. Inf. K.N.I.L. b.d. (‘s-Gravenhage: Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 1954), chapter “Leve het Zesde Bataljon!” and chapter “Dominee Thenu.”
Documents
- Snouck Hurgronje’s De Atjehers ([[1893-94)]] — volume II published in 1894, completing the two-volume work.
People
- A.F. Von de Wall
- Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje
- Nya’ Ahmat
- Teungku Lam Paloh
- Teungku Malem
- Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje — publication of volume II of his Snouck Hurgronje’s De Atjehers ([[1893-94)|De Atjehers]] in 1894, completing the two-volume foundational ethnography of the Atjehnese.
Places
Events
Other
Account from Oom Ambon van het K.N.I.L. (1954) — 1894
1894 was the year in which Dominee Thenu came to Aceh as the Inlands Godsdienstleraar attached to the garrison of Koeta-Radja, at the age of twenty-six. He would hold the post for forty full years, until his retirement in 1934. “He took it up in 1894, when he had just turned twenty-six. He was to hold it for forty full years.” The mood of the troops in Aceh in 1894 was somber; Thenu “voelde aan dat de troep afleiding nodig had en bracht de mensen het soldatenlied” — and in doing so composed the opening couplets of the Marechausseelied. The year 1894 also saw the Dutch Lombok expedition ([[1894)|Lombok expedition]] against the Rija of Lombok. It is the book’s marker of the beginning of the Thenu era in Aceh.
Source: Oom Ambon van het K.N.I.L., by G. W. T. Dames, Maj. Inf. K.N.I.L. b.d. (‘s-Gravenhage: Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 1954), chapter “Leve het Zesde Bataljon!” and chapter “Dominee Thenu.”
Documents
- Snouck Hurgronje’s De Atjehers ([[1893-94)]] — volume II published in 1894, completing the two-volume work.
Account from Verkenningen in Atjeh (1923)
1894 was the year of publication of Dr. Julius Jacobs’s Het familie- en kampongleven op Groot-Atjeh — Family and Kampong Life in Groot-Atjeh — at Batavia by the Landsdrukkerij. The book is one of the principal pre-war sources for the social institutions of Groot-Atjeh and the principal medical-ethnographic source for the condition of lepers in pre-pacification Atjeh. Dr. Julius Jacobs records that in 1893 — the year before publication — ‘geen peper van beteekenis werd geoogst’ — no pepper of consequence was harvested.
Account in du Croo’s Generaal Swart (1943)
In 1894 the abuses in Lombok made intervention unavoidable and the minister of Colonies at last acknowledged: “our sovereignty over a native state lays upon us, with regard to what happens there, a responsibility that we cannot shake off” — the first breach in the policy of non-intervention. On 27 October 1894 H. N. A. Swart was transferred to the Subsistentenkader at Semarang.
Account in Hooijer’s De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh (1897)
1894 was the year in which the Dutch outpost system in Groot-Atjeh reached its widest extent, with the establishment of Biloel and Lam Koenjit, the storm of Senelop, and the evacuation of Kroeng Kali.
Chronology in Hooijer’s account
- January 1894 — Kroeng Kali evacuated, the returned population showing itself well disposed and a match for the Moslemin.
- 12 March 1894 — Toekoe Djohan, supported from Kroeng Gloempang by Dutch artillery, stormed Senelop, defended by the sister of the late Habib Samalanga and fifteen women devoted to death, running in on the fortification with his sunshade in his hand alongside Toekoe Hoessin Longbattah.
- 15 March 1894 — Dutch troops occupied Senelop.
- 20 May–21 May 1894 — Biloel erected around the old Messigit at the request of Toekoe Nja Mohammad; the garrison of Boekit Daroe transferred there, and the road over the hills of the IX Moekims laid out.
- 4 July 1894 — the intermediate post of Lam Koenjit established against the attacks of T. Rajoet, imam of the III Moekims Daroe.
See Also
- 1893
- Aceh War
- Atjeh Patchouli-Olie (1932)
- Nieuw beleid in Atjeh (1908)
- Verkenningen in Atjeh (1923)
- H. N. A. Swart
- General Swart, Pacifier of Atjeh (1943)
- Pacificatie van Atjeh
- Atjeh-oorlog
- Biloel
- Lam Koenjit
- Senelop
- Storm of Senelop (12 March 1894)
- Evacuation of Kroeng Kali (January 1894)
Sources
De Atjehers, by C. Snouck Hurgronje, vol. II (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1894).
De Atjehers, by C. Snouck Hurgronje, vol. II (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1894).
A List of the Best Books Relating to Dutch East India, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague (1902).
Verkenningen in Atjeh, by Dr. R. Broersma (De Locomotief, October 1923); Atjeh Patchouli-Olie, by Ir. W. Spoon (1932), where applicable.
Generaal Swart, Pacificator van Atjeh (“General Swart, Pacifier of Atjeh”), by M. H. du Croo, Colonel K.N.I.L. (retired), with the collaboration of H. J. Schmidt, Titular Colonel K.N.I.L. (retired), with a foreword by His Excellency Lieutenant-General K.N.I.L. (retired) G. K. Dijkstra (Maastricht: N.V. Leiter-Nypels, 1943), passim.
De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh, door G. B. Hooijer, Gep. Luit.-Kolonel O. I. Leger, met 24 platen (Haarlem: De Erven F. Bohn; Batavia: G. Kolff & Co., 1897). Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, Centrale Boekerij, Amsterdam. OCR-filename: 20260719_140140_DLP-134-De_verlaten_posten_in_Groot_Atjeh_Nemotron-OCR-v2_OCR.txt, pp. 10, 12, 14, 32, 53.
Acknowledgement of sources. This article is a single consolidated account combining the material previously held in this entry with the account given in De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh (1897) by G. B. Hooijer. Dutch terminology has been rendered in English, the original Dutch being retained only in direct quotations and in bibliographic citations.