III Moekims Daroe

Properties2
tagsplace, achehnese, aceh-war, diplomacy, moekim, administrative-division, groot-atjeh
aliases3 Moekims Daroe, III Moekims Ateuh, III Mockims Daroe, Three Moekims of Daroe, III Mukims Daroe

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III Moekims Daroe — written in Dutch as and appearing also as III Moekims Ateuh for a different sub-region and meaning “Three Mukims of Daroe” — was a region of Groot-Atjeh comprising three mukims situated in the eastern portion of the Atjeh-oorlog theatre, of which the ulèëbalang was Panglima Bintang (sympathetic to the Dutch). As described in Kruisheer’s ATJEH ‘96, the III Moekims Daroe was a friendly region whose borders were not exceeded by hostile benden from the XXII Moekims. The III Moekims Ateuh (a different sub-region within the III Moekims complex) was protected by the Dutch post of Kroeng Gloempang against incursions from Montassik. The III Moekims Daroe was the object of the show-of-force by Laceulle on 29 May 1896, and contained the Grot of Daroe where Teungkoe Panté Glima practiced mystical retreat.

Description and Location

The III Moekims Daroe lay in the eastern part of Groot-Atjeh to the south of the XXVI Moekims and adjoined the V Moekims Montassik on the south. The principal kampong was Daroe itself, which contained the a cave where the religious leader Teungkoe Panté Glima practiced kaloet — a form of mystical retreat (bertapa) believed to confer invulnerability. The III Moekims Ateuh (a different sub-region within the same complex) included the kampongs of Ateuh, Ateuh-Tjoet, Ateuh-Lam Lo-West, and the great Ateuh area, and was protected by the Dutch post of Kroeng Gloempang (on the border with the XXII Moekims) against incursions from Montassik. Mata Air (Daroe) was a settlement where T. Panté Glima stayed with 30 Pedireezen. The Baleé Mesoebang was the place where part of the III Moekims Daroe population gathered during operations.

Historical Background

The III Moekims Daroe had been a partial Dutch sphere of influence throughout the Atjeh-oorlog. The ulèëbalang Panglima Bintang had maintained a posture of friendship with the Dutch, and the borders of his mukim were not crossed by hostile benden from the XXII Moekims. The Dutch post of Kroeng Gloempang was established in part to protect the III Moekims Ateuh against incursions from Montassik. The religious leader Teungkoe Panté Glima (also written Pantai Glima) had taken up residence in the Grot of Daroe, where he practiced bertapa, mystical retreat and gathered a band of 30 Pedireezen mercenaries. The III Moekims Daroe was crossed by the road from Lam-Goet to Tjot Rang, and the III Moekims Ateuh contained the kampong complex of Ateuh that was the scene of heavy fighting in April 1896.

Role in the 1896 Operations

The III Moekims Daroe was the object of the show-of-force by Laceulle on 29 May 1896, in which a Dutch column visited the territory of Panglima Bintang to consolidate his loyalty. On 20 June 1896 the III Moekims Daroe was patrolled by compagnie Linck of 12e Bataljon, in the course of which Panglima Bintang made his submission to the Dutch. The population of the III Moekims Daroe was said to have fled to a valley-basin behind Tjot Goee Tjoet under the leadership of Imam Djempit. The III Moekims Daroe was mentioned in the final assessments of 1896 as a region generally not unfavourable to the Dutch, and in the Government Resolution of 26 April 1896 as part of the territory under Dutch protection. The III Moekims Ateuh was the theatre of Dutch operations against Ateuh in April 1896 (as part of the Kolonel Stemfoort relief of Biloel and Lamkoenjit), and the mosque was occupied at 7:45 AM on 8 April 1896.

Significance

The III Moekims Daroe was a model of the friendly Achehnese mukim under Dutch protection. The loyalty of Panglima Bintang and his submission of 20 June 1896 represented the kind of political accommodation that the Dutch hoped to extend across Groot-Atjeh. The presence of Teungkoe Panté Glima in the Grot of Daroe however demonstrated that even the friendly mukims harboured religious-war leaders whose authority rivalled that of the oeleebalang.

Account in Hooijer’s De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh (1897)

The III Moekims Daroe were three moekims of Groot-Atjeh whose imam, Toekoe Rajoet, directed the attacks on Dutch transports moving between Tjot Goeë and Biloel that caused the establishment of the intermediate post of Lam Koenjit on 4 July 1894.

In the outpost system

Hooijer recorded that the road connecting Tjot Goeë and Biloel had been very unsafe at first, and that it was decided to erect a very temporary intermediate post at Lam Koenjit tegen de aanslagen van Toekoe Rajoet, Imam der III Moekims Daroe — against the attacks of Toekoe Rajoet, imam of the III Moekims Daroe.

See Also

Sources

ATJEH ‘96, door A. Kruisheer, Kapitein der Infanterie O.I.L., met 2 kaarten en 4 portretten (Weltevreden: N.V. Boekhandel Visser & Co, 1913). Instituut Kern, Leiden. OCR-filename: 20260715_163243_DLP-89-Atjeh_96_Met_2_kaarten_en4_DOORA_KRUISHEER_Kapiteinder_Infanterie_nemoretriever-ocr-v1_OCR.txt, pp. 22–23, 26, 141, 148, 166, 176, 183, 186, 219, 223, 319–320.

De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh, door G. B. Hooijer, Gep. Luit.-Kolonel O. I. Leger, met 24 platen (Haarlem: De Erven F. Bohn; Batavia: G. Kolff & Co., 1897). Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, Centrale Boekerij, Amsterdam. OCR-filename: 20260719_140140_DLP-134-De_verlaten_posten_in_Groot_Atjeh_Nemotron-OCR-v2_OCR.txt, p. 14.

Acknowledgement of sources. This article is a single consolidated account combining the material previously held in this entry with the account given in De verlaten posten in Groot-Atjeh (1897) by G. B. Hooijer. Dutch terminology has been rendered in English, the original Dutch being retained only in direct quotations and in bibliographic citations.

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